트럼프, 취임 첫날 美 LNG 신규 수출 허가 금지 '해제' 행정명령 발령 기대감

도널드 트럼프 미국 대통령 당선인은 2025년 1월 20일 취임 첫날, 조 바이든 행정부가 시행했던 액화천연가스(LNG) 신규 수출 허가 금지를 해제하는 행정명령을 발표할 계획입니다. 

 

이 조치는 바이든 행정부가 2024년 1월 환경적, 경제적 영향을 재평가하기 위해 도입했던 LNG 수출 허가 동결을 종료시키는 것입니다[1][10][14].

 배경

바이든 행정부는 LNG 수출 증가가 국내 에너지 가격 상승과 온실가스 배출 증가를 초래할 수 있다는 이유로 신규 수출 허가를 일시 중단했으며, 이는 특히 자유무역협정(FTA)이 체결되지 않은 국가로의 수출에 영향을 미쳤습니다. 이 조치는 환경보호를 우선시하는 정책의 일환이었지만, 에너지 산업과 관련 주들이 강하게 반발하며 경제적 손실과 미국의 에너지 지배력 약화를 주장했습니다[4][6][23].

 트럼프 행정부의 계획

 

트럼프 당선인은 취임 즉시 LNG 신규 수출 허가를 재개하고, 에너지 산업 규제를 완화하며, 미국의 "에너지 지배"를 강화하겠다는 공약을 내세웠습니다. 

 

이를 통해 미국 LNG 산업은 향후 5년간 수출 규모를 두 배로 늘릴 것으로 예상되며, 약 2조 5천억 달러(약 3,650조 원)의 경제적 가치를 창출할 것으로 전망됩니다[7][11][32]. 

 

또한, 트럼프 행정부는 신규 LNG 터미널 개발을 신속히 승인하여 글로벌 시장 점유율을 확대하고 동맹국들의 에너지 안보를 강화할 계획입니다[9][30].

 영향

 

- 경제적 이점:

LNG 수출 증가로 인해 미국 경제에 약 1조 3천억 달러(약 1,900조 원)의 추가 가치를 창출하고, 관련 산업에서 수십만 개의 일자리가 창출될 것으로 보입니다[7][32].

- 환경 논란: 

환경 단체들은 LNG 수출 확대가 온실가스 배출을 증가시키고 재생에너지 대체를 저해할 것이라고 우려하고 있습니다. 이에 따라 법적 분쟁이 발생할 가능성도 제기되고 있습니다[6][23][27].

- 국제적 영향: 

유럽과 아시아 등 주요 에너지 소비국들이 미국산 LNG 의존도를 높일 가능성이 있으며, 이는 러시아와 같은 경쟁국의 에너지 지배력을 약화시키는 데 기여할 수 있습니다[36][38].

트럼프 행정부의 이러한 정책은 미국 내 에너지 산업 활성화와 글로벌 시장에서의 경쟁력 강화를 목표로 하지만, 환경 및 사회적 영향에 대한 논란은 지속될 것으로 보입니다.

Citations:
[1] https://www.energydaily.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=152871
[2] https://newsbase.com/story/northamoil-trump-planning-executive-order-to-remove-lng-ban-355864
[3] https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-01-17/here-are-the-lng-projects-set-to-advance-if-trump-lifts-freeze
[4] https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/01/judge-blocks-biden-lng-pause-00166157
[5] https://www.foxnews.com/politics/wrong-headed-energy-industry-leaders-blast-biden-admin-report-natural-gas-exports
[6] https://www.eenews.net/articles/doe-study-leaves-path-for-trump-to-ramp-up-lng-exports/
[7] https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20250115128600009
[8] https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-25/trump-team-preparing-early-action-to-end-biden-s-lng-pause
[9] https://www.aa.com.tr/en/energy/natural-gas/trump-administration-to-boost-us-lng-exports/46454
[10] https://www.g-enews.com/article/Global-Biz/2025/01/202501160642468696b49b9d1da_1
[11] https://news.nate.com/view/20250116n04232?mid=n1101
[12] https://carboncopy.info/trump-to-take-office-what-to-expect-from-the-us-on-climate-issues/
[13] https://www.instituteforenergyresearch.org/fossil-fuels/gas-and-oil/when-should-trump-reverse-bidens-lng-moratorium/
[14] https://www.g-enews.com/article/Global-Biz/2025/01/2025011504505257846b49b9d1da_1
[15] https://www.spglobal.com/commodity-insights/en/news-research/latest-news/lng/110424-us-doj-asks-appeals-court-to-set-aside-order-lifting-pause-on-lng-export-permits
[16] https://edition.cnn.com/2024/12/22/business/trump-liquefied-natural-gas-ban-overturn-europe-intl/index.html
[17] https://www.newspim.com/news/view/20250108000610
[18] https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/trump-promised-swift-action-lng-exports-advisers-preaching-patience-2025-01-07/
[19] https://www.impacton.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=13727
[20] https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/trumps-likely-first-moves-us-energy-policy-2025-01-13/
[21] https://m.joseilbo.com/news/view.htm?newsid=534786
[22] https://nam.org/nam-bidens-lng-ban-threatens-900000-jobs-32318/
[23] https://apnews.com/article/lng-exports-biden-europe-climate-russia-625e8e2dfa0a98d81267ff2609b132c9
[24] https://energycommerce.house.gov/posts/chair-rodgers-statement-on-doe-s-climate-driven-anti-lng-study
[25] https://www.spglobal.com/commodity-insights/en/news-research/latest-news/lng/070124-us-district-court-lifts-pause-on-lng-export-permits
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[28] https://www.esgeconomy.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=9614
[29] https://www.yahoo.com/news/trump-end-lng-export-permit-191950265.html
[30] https://kleinmanenergy.upenn.edu/commentary/blog/will-lng-exports-be-pushed-to-new-heights-under-trumps-second-term/
[31] https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-executive-orders-oil-gas-energy-electric-vehicles-epa-interior-2025-1
[32] https://www.ft.com/content/e3a047f9-01c9-490b-bae8-e90f6ff02fd8
[33] https://energynews.pro/en/the-biden-administration-challenges-order-to-resume-lng-export-permits/
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